Abrasive water jet machining of fiberreinforced composite. Specifically it is used to cut intricate shapes or form specific edge. It is a nonconventional machining process in which a mixture of abrasive particles with high pressure water was converted to a high velocity jet for cutting. In these processes, the mechanical energy of water and abrasive phases are used to achieve material removal or machining. A waterjet consists of a pressurized jet of water exiting a small orifice at extreme velocity. Feb 12, 2016 introduction abrasive water jet machining awjm is non traditional or non conventional machining process. Abrasive water jet machining awjm is the nontraditional material removal process. Student production mechanical, ldrpitr, gujarat, india 2lecturer, mechanical engineering, ldrpitr, gujarat, india abstract abrasive water jet machining awjm is the nontraditional material removal process. Waterjet is the most versatile process, because it is able to cut almost any type of material. In order to cut harder materials like metals or granite, an abrasive material is.
Principle of water jet machinethis process works on the basic principle of water erosion. Utilizing advanced highprecision optical linear encoders, innovative vibration isolation, and proven software control systems, the micromax jetmachining center is capable of a positioning accuracy of less than five microns while retaining all the advantages of abrasive waterjet machining. The process makes use of the impact of a waterjet as well as the impact of abrasives for improving the machinability of certain materials. This machining process has greater efficiency and accuracy among other nonconventional machining process. Abrasive water jet awj cutting is a green machining and processing technology that has found extensive applications for a long time because of its being cold, damage free and sensitive cutting. Awjm uses high pressurized 400mpa water mix with abrasive particles. The process of the abrasive water jet cutting of materials, supported by the theories of fluid mechanics, abrasive wear and damage mechanics, is a hightech technologies that provides unique capabilities compared to conventional machining. In this process, a highspeed wellconcentrated water jet is used to cut the metal. Abrasive water jet an overview sciencedirect topics. It is one of the most famous nontraditional machining process because it is environment friendly. High velocity jet is aimed at a surface under controller condition. Pdf modeling of abrasive waterjet cutting processes.
Abrasive water jet machining if there is an abrasive added it is normally added at the nozzle which has shown in below figure. Abrasive water jet machining developed in 1974 to clean metal prior to surface treatment of the metal. The mechanism of material removal rate is by erosion. Studies on recharging of abrasives in abrasive water jet machining m. The process of water jet cutting performance waterjet pwj. Abrasive jet machining process, parameters, equipment, mrr.
The use of abrasives to shape parts is probably the oldest material removal process. The figure shown is the above abrasive jet machining. Used to cut soft materials such as foam, rubber, cloth, paper, food products, etc. Abrasive jet machining ajm by nishtha chouksey 0201ip121045 introduction abrasive jet machining is the material removal process where the material is removed by high velocity stream of airgas or water and abrasive mixture. It is the material removal process where the material is removed by high velocity stream of airgas or water and abrasive mixture.
Sep 15, 2016 for the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. This method utilizes high speed stream of abrasive particles which are carried by a high pressure air or gas on the work material through a nozzle device. It is similar to abrasive jet machining ajm in water jet machining, high velocity water jet is allowed to strike a given workpiece. The micromax jetmachining center is the ideal solution for ultraprecision abrasive waterjet machining.
Optimization of process parameter in abrasive water jet machining for machining harsh a. Seminar abrasive jet machining full report download. Mar 29, 2017 abrasive jet machining is a nontraditional machining process which is mostly used in machining of hardened metals. Principles of abrasive water jet machining springerlink. The purpose of this study was to optimize and determine the most important abrasive water jet turning awjt operational parameters, such as nozzle diameter 0. The high velocity water stream creates a vacuum which draws the abrasive into a mixing chamber, producing a coherent, powerful abrasive jet stream. Since the process is non thermal, nonchemical and nonelectrical it creates no. Some of the typical applications 67 are as follows. Wjm can be used to cut softer materials like plastic, rubber or wood. Today we will learn about water jet machining and abrasive water jet machining principle, working, equipments, application, advantages and disadvantages with its diagram. Abrasive jet machining is a nontraditional machining process which is mostly used in machining of hardened metals.
It is an effective machining process for processing a variety of hard and brittle material. Water jet cutting uses an ultrahigh pressure stream of water to carry an abrasive grit. This technology covers requirements for quality and manufacturing productivity. Abrasive waterjet machining an overview sciencedirect topics. In abrasive jet machining ajm, abrasive particles are made to impinge on the work material at a high velocity. Jet of abrasive particles is carried by carrier gas or air. Pdf factors affecting surface finish of abrasive water jet. During this process, its kinetic energy is converted to pressure energy. The high velocity stream of abrasive is generated by converting the pressure energy of the carrier gas or air to its kinetic energy and hence high velocity jet. Water jet machining wjm also called water jet cutting, is a nontraditional machining process in which highvelocity jet of water is used to remove materials from the surface of the workpiece. The abrasive gas mixture, jet pressure, abrasive particle size and hardness are mainly responsible for the metal removal rate. Abrasivewaterjet machining awjm is widely used in the cutting of hard and low machinability materials like titanium alloys, ceramics, metalmatrix composites, concrete, rocks, etc. The metal removal rate for this type of process is usually 16mm3 min in cutting glass and the velocity of the jet ranges from 150 to 300 meters per minute.
Abrasive water jet machine awjm can be used for machining wide range of softer as well as harder materials of large thickness for different applications. In water jet machining, high velocity water jet is allowed to strike a given workpiece. Cutting head consists of orifice, mixing chamber and focusing tube nozzle or insert where water jet is formed and mixed with abrasive particles to form abrasive water jet. The abrasive jet machining is the process of impinging the highspeed stream of abrasive particles by highpressure gas or air on the work surface through a nozzle and metal removal occurs due to erosion caused by highspeed abrasive particles. In awjm, the material is removed by erosion process by the action of highspeed water jet mixed with abrasive particles. As in the case of every machining process, the quality of awjc process is significantly affected by the process tuning parameters. Abrasive water suspension jet awsj machining process utilized increasingly in industrial applications. Abrasive jet machining ajm utilizes a high velocity jet of abrasives to remove material from work surface by impact erosion. High velocity impact of an abrasive particle causes a tiny brittle fracture on the work surface and the flowing gases carries away the dislodged small workpiece particle. Influence of nozzle design and process parameters on. Studies on recharging of abrasives in abrasive water jet. Water jet cutting a technology on the rise october 2010 page 5 fig. Influence of nozzle design and process parameters on surface roughness of cfrp machined by abrasive jet. Abrasive jet machining ajm, also known as abrasive microblasting, pencil blasting and micro abrasive blasting, is an abrasive blasting machining process that uses abrasives propelled by a high velocity gas to erode material from the workpiece.
It is a nontraditional machining process and involves complex mechanics. The process represents cold, precise cutting with minimal thermal load. A water jet cutter, also known as a water jet or waterjet, is an industrial tool capable of cutting a wide variety of materials using a very highpressure jet of water, or a mixture of water and an abrasive substance. Abrasive waterjet machining awjm is widely used in the cutting of hard and low machinability materials like titanium alloys, ceramics, metalmatrix composites, concrete, rocks, etc. It consists of a mixing chamber, gas filter, pressure gauge, regulator, and the nozzle.
Common uses include cutting heatsensitive, brittle, thin, or hard materials. The abrasive water jet machining awjm is used for cutting materials in precision machining 1. They are important because introduction they can be used on all types of materials ranging from soft metals to hardened steels and hard nonmetallic materials such as. Apr 01, 2017 today we will learn about water jet machining and abrasive water jet machining principle, working, equipments, application, advantages and disadvantages with its diagram. Thin jets of high pressure and high velocity have been used to cut materials such wood, coal, textiles, rocks, concrete, asbestos. Abrasive jet machining free download as powerpoint presentation. Water jet machining employs the principle of increasing the pressure of water and to. The variables that influence the rate of metal removal and accuracy of machining in this process is. Noncontact, zero tool wear machining processes such as laser and abrasive water jet machining offer potentially reduced costs over conventional diamond. Abrasive water jet machining was introduced to manufacturing ten years ago and. Milco waterjet water jet machining waterjet cutting.
Waterjet technology is a cold cutting process which cuts by using supersonic water, or water and abrasive, to erode material. Process parameter optimization of cnc abrasive water jet. Abrasive jet machining on aluminum material youtube. Setup for cutting jobs on abrasive waterjets is quick and easy.
There are numerous associated parameters in this technique, among which water pressure, abrasive flow rate, jet. The term abrasive jet refers specifically to the use of a mixture of water and abrasive to cut hard materials such as metal or granite, while the terms pure waterjet and water. Awj perforation has its origins in the 1960s with many largescale commercial successes in several international venues. The water pump pressurizes the water and pumps it from a water tank or other water supply to the nozzle. It uses water jet working as a tool to cut the metal. Aug 09, 2017 introduction to abrasive jet machining process duration. May 20, 2017 water jet machining wjm also called water jet cutting, is a nontraditional machining process in which highvelocity jet of water is used to remove materials from the surface of the workpiece. Abrasive water jet machining is nonconventional process. Abrasive waterjet machining is a cold cutting process and creates no heataffected zones haz, therefore it doesnt change the material properties or leave heathardened edges.
A narrow, highpressure jet of water carries particles of garnet abrasive at speeds ranging from 1,000 to 2,400 feet per second. In this machining process a focus stream of abrasive particles are forces to impinge on work piece at high velocity. Principles of abrasive water jet machining andreas w. And has various unique advantages over the other nontraditional cutting process like high machining versatility, minimum stresses on the work piece, high. Water jet machining working principle, advantages and.
The basic working principle employed in abrasive jet machining is shown in the above figure. Abrasive water jet machining of fiberreinforced composite materials. In abrasive jet machining abrasive particles are made to impinge on work material at high velocity. Get an overview of ajm process, mechanism, parameters, equipment, mrr, accuracy, capability, pros and cons, applications, controlling, etc. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of abrasive water jet machining variables like cutting speed of the stainless steel material. Pure water cutting waterjet machining is an innovative cutting method, and one of the fastestgrowing processes for machining today, thanks to its ease of use and versatility. Abrasive water suspension jet awsj machining is material removal process where the material is removed by high velocity stream of water and. For cutting hard materials, abrasive particles are used in the water jet. The jet of abrasive particles is carried by carrier gas or air. Abrasive water jet cutting is an extended version of water jet cutting. Krishnaiah chetty manufacturing engineering section, indian institute of technology madras, chennai 600 036, india the objective of this work is to. Nowadays, advanced machining techniques are widely used for solving various issues in manufacturing operations that include machining high strength materials, production of complex shaped profiles, better surface features, capable of high levels of. Abrasive water jet awj perforation or sand jet perforation is a process that uses a highpressure fluid slurry to perforate oil or gas wells, and simultaneously extend a cavity into the reservoir. Abrasive jet machining working, advantages, disadvantages and.
Introduction abrasive water jet awj machining is one of the recent nontraditional methods that has been used widely in industry in many applications including hole making in ductile materials such as aluminium, brass, steel. Difference between grinding and milling the abrasive grains in the wheel are much smaller and more numerous than the teeth on a milling cutter. Jan 19, 2017 abrasive water jet machining awjm is non traditional or nonconventional machining process. The filtered gas at a pressure of 2 to 8 kgfcm 2 is supplied to the mixing chamber containing the abrasive powder and. The material is placed on a grid above the water tank, which serves the purpose of disbursing and capturing the energy of the. This process is ideal for cutting any material in sheet.
Abrasive water jet cutting machine starts with a water pump. Abrasive water jet machining awjm process is one of the nontraditional machining processes that have been used extensively in various industry related. Abrasive water jet machining was introduced to manufacturing ten years ago and has. Water jet machining invented 1970 a waterjet consists of a pressurized jet of water exiting a small orifice at extreme velocity. Almost any type of material ranging from hard brittle materials such as ceramics, metals and glass. There are two types of water jet cutting processes. Learn about waterjets abrasive water jet cutting machine. Water jet machining wjm is a mechanical energy based nontraditional machining process used to cut and machine soft and nonmetallic materials it involves the use of high velocity water jet to smoothly cut a soft workpiece. Process principle the mixing of abrasive particles in water jet is in. Introduction to abrasive jet machining process duration. Investigation on kerf geometry for abrasive waterjet. The high velocity stream of abrasives is generated by converting pressure energy of carrier gas or air to its kinetic energy and hence high velocity jet.
In water jet machining wjm process, water jets alone without abrasives can be used for cutting. When the ac power is supplied with high frequency, the transducer starts vibrating longitudinally by magnetostriction, which is transmitted to the penetrating tool through a. Apr 06, 2016 in abrasive jet machining ajm material is removed by the impact of a high velocity stream of gases and abrasive mixture focused on to the workpiece. The roughness of the varied surface through the cut depth was also measured and determined as a process capability index of 3 zones machined surface. Abrasive water jet machining awjm is nontraditional or non conventional machining process. It can cut almost all material with sufficient speed and quality. Because of this, waterjets are unlimited in what they can cut. Abrasivejet machining ajm modern machining process. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. Awjm is a nonconventional machining process where material is removed by impact erosion of high pressure high velocity of water and entrained high velocity of grit abrasives on a work piece 5. The high speed abrasive water jet machining employed the erosion phenomenon for material removal when the abrasive particles along with high velocity water hit the target. Pdf principles of abrasive water jet machining researchgate. An abrasive gun is used to supply an abrasive slurry, which is a mixture of abrasive grain and the water in between toolworkpiece interface under a definite pressure.
A machinability study of mild steel using abrasive water. Abrasive waterjet machining an overview sciencedirect. Abrasive jet machining process, detail abrasive jet machining specifications, abrasive jet machining description,abrasive jet machining applications, features. It uses the kinetic energy of water particle to erode metal at the contact surface.
An experimental case study on machining of wood dustbased fillerreinforced polymer composites in abrasive water jet machining process and optimization of its process parameters via parametric. Abrasive water jet machining awjm is non traditional or nonconventional machining process. Abrasive jet machining working, advantages, disadvantages. Abrasive machining involves material removal by the action of hard, abrasive particles. The abrasive does the cutting through a mechanical sawing action, leaving a smooth, precision cut surface. Pure water cutting june 16, 2016 mainpath news comments off on waterjets. Waterjet cutting is simply one of the most versatile and fastest growing machining processes around. An abrasive is small, hard particle having sharp edges and an irregular shape. Process capability and average roughness in abrasive water. Optimization of abrasive water jet machining process parameters using taguchi grey relational analysis tgra 83 conclude that the performance characteristics of the awjm process namely hydraulic pressure, abrasive mass flow rate, standoff distance and traverse rate are improved together by using gra. For hard materials that cannot be cut with water only, the water nozzle is replaced with an abrasive cutting head. These high velocity abrasive particles remove metal by brittle fracture or erosion from work piece.
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